Perception and Consciousness - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 819 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/09/13 Category Advertising Essay Did you like this example? Sweats: Perception and Consciousness Barbara Bransfield Grand Canyon University General Psychology: PSY 101 March 25, 2009 Sweats: Perception and Consciousness Helena Blavatsky (1831), founder of modern Theosophy, wrote â€Å"everything in the Universe, throughout all its kingdoms, is conscious: i. e. , endowed with a consciousness of its own kind and on its own plane of perception† (Brainy Quotes, 2009). Yet individuals since the dawn of man, have wittingly, and unwittingly, found or pioneered methods by which to alter consciousness, and thereby distorting perception. A few of these methods, such as meditation, can provide physical benefits, however other methods, such as the use of psychoactive drugs, can cause permanent damage to the brain, thus altering an individual’s perception permanently. Drugs According to Dennis Coon (2010) in his book Introduction to Psychology: Gateway to Mind and Behavior, psychoactive drugs are the most common method by which individuals seek to alter perception (pg 199). These altering drugs range from mild effecting, such as through the use of caffeine, nicotine, or alcohol, to more powerful, controlled substances, such as pain killers, uppers, downers, or hallucinogens. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Perception and Consciousness" essay for you Create order Certain psychoactive drugs serve a useful purpose, after all, where would most of us be without our daily dose of caffeine; still, all are prone to abuse and can lead to unhealthy dependency or permanent brain damage. As with any substance or action, which alters consciousness, individuals must learn moderation or seek modification of behavior to prevent damage to or to restore the mind’s balance and state of health. Any alteration to our state of consciousness is self-induced and therefore treatable or preventable. Fatigue One of the ways in which individuals abuse their mind is by pushing themselves too hard for too long, thus interrupting healthy sleep patterns and creating periods of extreme fatigue. Most everyone is guilty of staying up long past bedtime to finish a good movie, of dancing the night away, or of burning a candle at both ends to finish a project at work, and most everyone has felt the effects the following morning when even a cup of caffeinated coffee seems incapable of jolting the brain awake. According to Coon (2010), while most people understand what sleep is, many fail to comprehend that while sleep patterns may be modified, it cannot be disregarded. Even moderate sleep loss can affect the brain’s ability to focus. This can cause an individual to make minor missteps at work or even serious errors in judgment that can cost lives. However, not all conscious altering methods can prove hazardous to us, or others. Meditation Meditation is a method of relaxation in which an individual â€Å"focuses attention and interrupts the typical flow of thoughts, worries, and analysis† (Coon, 2010). During meditation, energy activity in the brain is shifted from the right frontal lobe, which is prone to stress, to the calmer left frontal cortex, giving the meditator a sense of peace and joy (Psychology Today, 2003). Studies conducted have shown that meditation over long periods of time do no harm to the meditator, providing only benefits over the long term. A more controversial form of induced conscious altering methods is hypnosis. Hypnosis Hear the word hypnosis and visions of people clucking like chickens comes to mind, but those who believe in the power of hypnotherapy view it altogether differently. While self-induced meditation can aid in reducing stress and increasing peace and joy, hypnotherapy claims abilities far greater. By altering the consciousness of a patient, a physician can purportedly reduce or eliminate pain during procedures and even restore function to organs that are not working properly, criminologists can control behavior, and individuals can lose weight or stop smoking (Life Challenges, 2009). So, if hypnosis is such a wonderful mind altering method of healing and self-improvement, why then is it not used more extensively? Possibly, because the dangers of hypnosis outweigh the supposed benefits. As with many conscious altering methods, hypnosis leaves the participant vulnerable because their own sense of self, their sense of awareness, is diminished or even eliminated. A hypnotizer can easily manipulate, control, or exploit a patient if the hypnotizer proves to be unscrupulous, in which case the hypnotizer may use the patient to do something illegal or unethical (Life Challenges, 2009). Conclusion Even day-to-day activities, such as listening to music, drinking soda, and making love, can affect our brain, stimulating it in ways that affect our perceptions, emotions, memories, time sense, thoughts, feelings of self-control, and suggestibility (Coon, 2010). The more we are aware of our mind and the affect that our habits have on it, the more acute our perceptions will remain and our life experiences balanced. References Benefits of Hypnosis. 2009). In All About Life Challenges. Retrieved March 25, 2009, from https://www. allaboutlifechallenges. org/benefits-of-hypnosis-faq. htm Blavatsky, H. P. (2009). H. P. Blavatsky Quotes. In Brainy Quote. Retrieved March 25, 2009, From https://www. brainyquote. com/quotes/quotes/h/hpblavat267749. html Coon, D. , Mitterer, J. O. (2010). Introduction to Psychology: Gateways to Mind and Behavior (12th ed. ). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth, Cengage Learning.

J. D. Salinger Biography Essay

J. D. Salinger Biography Essay J.D Salisinger Biography J.D. Salinger was born in 1919 by a Christian mother and a Jewish father in the city of New York. Mr. Salinger entirely dedicated himself to writing after being enrolled at New York University and also at Columbia University. By the time Mr. Salinger was 21 years old; in 1940, he had had a chance to publish wide range short stories in periodicals, and this was being considered as a huge success in his life. During World War II, the career of Mr. Salinger as a writer was greatly disrupted but he was able to return from the service and continued as a writer, principally with The New Yorker, in 1946. He wrote for The New Yorker between 1948 and 1965 and published wide range of stories. For instance, in 1948 he published A Perfect Day for Banana-fish, which gives an account on the suicide of a desolated veteran of war. He also published For EsmeWith Love and Squalor in the year 1950, a story which gives an account of an encounter of a United States soldier together with two British child ren. Therefore, by the end of 1965, Mr. Salinger had published thirty-five different short stories. The Catcher in the Rye was published in the year 1951, and it is a publication that earned Mr. Salinger major significant and trendy acclaim. It was a story of Holden Caulfield, who was a disobedient boarding-school student who tries to escape from the world of adult that he normally finds it fake. As a creative writer and finding wayward for protagonist of a child, Mr. Salingers novel is given a great deal of sympathy. Work Cited Salinger Jerome David. The Catcher in the Rye. City of Westminster, London: Penguin Books, Limited, 2010.

Hurrican Katrina Free Essays

Proposal /Disaster Research Proposal Page 1 * My disaster paper will focus mainly on the direct and indirect effects of Hurricane Katrina on New Orleans were made by the community and the state, which also affected New Orleans and surrounding areas. My initial research on this topic of Hurricane Katrina was that, although there was a slew of different aids and reliefs sent to New Orleans and other surrounding areas, there were periods where there wasn’t enough or too much time was taken so that the community and pretty much the federal government could have made a timely contribution. This makes my initial response to Hurricane Katrina and its effect on New Orleans and the things that were done to help them a negative response. We will write a custom essay sample on Hurrican Katrina or any similar topic only for you Order Now This is why I am choosing to write about this touching topic, I want to inform readers and people who may not know some approaches taken (and not taken) to help New Orleans and the surrounding areas that were affected. * The purpose of me writing this argument will be to inform readers, of the direct and indirect effect of Hurricane Katrina. The tone will be informative, this strategy will suit me best for this paper because of the type of incident Hurricane Katrina was. Thesis will definitely be in the first paragraph. Most likely in the middle of the opening paragraph. There possibly will be a refutation, although, where I am going to put one at this point has not be determined. * My research question will be: What were the direct and indirect effects of Katrina on New Orleans, and what actions were made by the communities and government to effectively help Hurricane Katrina victims. Proposal /Disaster Research Proposal Page 2 * Books * Scholarly Articles * Library Database Proposal /Disaster Research Proposal Page 3 The intended audience for my informative paper will be teens and young adults, these seem to be the people who were involved and knew the most about Hurricane Katrina and the updates. Plus it is just an easier group of people to write to. My audience is most likely between the ages of 15-30, because high school students were watching the news and getting updates by school and home, and because 30 year olds are still concerned with news. They most likely are middle class, being that most of the people effected by Hurricane Katrina were middle classed, so naturally other middle class people were tuned in. Gender probably wouldn’t matter, but education might play a big role. Being that people who were not as educated as others may not be so affected or concerned with what was going on in another state, because they themselves were not being affected. The major points that will be addressed in my analysis paper will be the indirect and direct effects of this natural disaster and the relief efforts and other helps that were made to help Katrina Victims. They will most likely find out how much Katrina victims were affected and what happened to them. Although, these will be things they have heard in the news there will also be other facts such as the economic effect this natural disaster had on New Orleans and surrounding areas. Not everything is for news, and although some people were concerned with this catastrophe, most people did not go and do their own research so they have been misinformed or left out of some things that actually did happen during this time. Some general beliefs that may be involved in his mishap, would be that when people need help, for example not being able to help themselves somebody of higher authority such as government should be able to step in and effectively take care of the situation. That is one example of personal beliefs. Proposal /Disaster Research Proposal Page 4 November 25- Type Proposal * November 26-Turn in Proposal, start research on Katrina and its effects * November 27- Research, find a thesis and begin to research on that * November 28- Research, start writing paper at least first 2 pages * November 29-Research, finish paper or continue writing * November 30-Conference and feedback on what has been written so far or finished draft * December 3-peer reviews (on ow n time) * December 4-edit and review paper, consults notes and feedback from conference and peer reviews * December 5-Turn in paper, final copy How to cite Hurrican Katrina, Essay examples

Financial Management Corporate Finance

Question: Discuss about theFinancial Management for Corporate Finance. Answer: 1. The risk aversion is the process of making the decision when an investor faces two similar expected returns and prefers the one with the lower risk. Yes, I agree that the risk aversion is process that will which is the outcome of the corporate managers to invest in a low risk project. The risk aversion process is driven by risk appetite, which comes with two variations on a particular project (Heron Lie 2016). For example, a project may look forward to invest $ 22 million and the expected return is $ 35 million over five years or the management may decide to invest in the project of $ 60 m with an expected return of 135 million over 8 years, followed by a bigger deviations in the earnings during the initial years. The management needs to decide upon the risk in each between the project failing or generating something in the initial years. The risk mitigation is the process of choosing a short-term profit during a short period. The source of the risk aversion should be further based on the weighing the two investment options and making a feasible decision to carry out a particular project (Guiso et al., 2013). 2. In order to decide whether the ordinary annuity can have the same present value as the perpetuity, the future value constraint needs to be taken into consideration. The present value is calculated using PV = FV (1/1+R) n Where, R = Discounting rate n = No. of years By taking into consideration the above formula, we can say that even if the cash flows and the discount factor in nature of the ordinary annuity cannot have the same present value. This is because even if the discount factor is same, due to the increasing power of the value of n (no. of years) the ordinary annuity of the present value will also keep increasing (Brealey et al., 2012). For example if the value of the r is 0.8 in a particular year for the first year then discounting factor is (1+0.8), the next year the discounting factor would become (1+0.8)2 which is 3.24. In this way, the free cash flow will reduce due to the increasing discounting factor, even if the cash flows and the discounting rates remains the same (Bierman Smidt 2012). Reference List Bierman Jr, H., Smidt, S. (2012). The capital budgeting decision: economic analysis of investment projects. Routledge. Brealey, R. A., Myers, S. C., Allen, F., Mohanty, P. (2012). Principles of corporate finance. Tata McGraw-Hill Education. Guiso, L., Sapienza, P., Zingales, L. (2013). Time varying risk aversion (No. w19284). National Bureau of Economic Research. Heron, R. A., Lie, E. (2016). Do Stock Options Overcome Managerial Risk Aversion? Evidence from Exercises of Executive Stock Options. Management Science.