Marketing Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Promoting Management - Essay Example Income produced by this organization is separated at a 54% from deals of food and 46% general product. Nonetheless, a portion of the exercises that create pay for the organization run from buys and conveyance, which offers clients a decent shopping experience. 1. A. Full scale ecological elements PESTLE ANALYSIS Political Factors M&S has been exposed to burden approaches, political and natural laws are involved in the UK, prompting considerable effect on with holding their items from the general population. The organization centers around picking up and keeping up great mentality towards remote organizations, which is obvious through their relationship with different organizations. Additionally, they are constantly clung to the laws on recruiting and terminating, henceforth there have been no instances of representative questions in the organization. Â Therefore, they welcome the way that political variables are identified with the degree of government intercession and economy. Â Economic Factors The pace of joblessness has been falling at a quick rate and the proportion of Gross national item is increasing at an unobtrusive rate in UK. The administration has put forth the significant attempt to bring down the financing costs so as to encourage getting of by clients, henceforth expanding their buying power. By the by, the swelling is being constrained by the administration through the significant financial approaches planned for directing cash flexibly into the UK economy. The monetary factor has impacted the tasks and dynamic procedure. There has been an expansion in the working expense because of numerous monetary variables, whereby there was an ascent in the shopper Price Index. Social Factors M&S items affect ways of life, whereby the buyers are expending items, which is exceptionally costly. Accordingly, lofty items are adding to expanded expectations for everyday comforts among the shoppers. The organization is additionally contributing age of work because of the headway in innovation that is expanding profession desires among those in the field of innovation. The organization is intrigued on purchaser activism, since they center around buying items that are ecologically cordial, however this is limited since the costs are assuming a significant job in choice of the shopper. There is a connection of the political and financial conditions and this involves the social viewpoint and the ascent in ecological awareness, accentuation and mentalities on naturally cordial. Innovative Factors The organization has contributed on escalating their Research and improvement so as to encourage the progression of innovation for delivering better items later on. In addition, the organization is concentrating on applying the new improvements in innovation so as to offer their items such that will empower them accomplish the necessary piece of the overall industry. In this way, M&S has been using innovative headway, whereby they have em powered their clients to get to their indexes on the web, and they can buy items in an opportune way. Then again, the organization has incorporated their activity with Business Intelligent BI frameworks to expanded execution later on (Mohd, Idris, and Momani, 2013, p.40-49). Ecological Factors The organization tasks are influenced by the natural elements like the developing consciousness of the climatic change, which may lessen deals for a portion of their items. There are factors influencing customers because of the expansion in familiarity with the ecological effects on

Positive Organizational Culture Free Samples -Myassignmenthelp

Question: Examine about that Organizations ought to endeavor to make a Positive Organizational Culture. Answer: Associations ought to endeavor to make a Positive Organizational Culture In the cutting edge business condition, the connection between the businesses, laborers, and client is pivotal in affecting the manageability of associations. The workers are at the core of association's exercises, and their fulfillment is basic in guaranteeing that the set objectives and goals are accomplished. This consultation suggests that the businesses must give certain working conditions to impact the presentation of the laborers. Indeed, the connection between the laborers and their bosses ought to be shared in that the two gatherings address the necessities of one another. Albeit a few methods exists of affecting an uplifting disposition at an association, making a positive hierarchical culture is best method of accomplishing a decent working connection between the business, representatives, and customers. As per Zerwas (2014), association culture is comprehended as a methodology that characterizes proper detectable antiques, qualities, and fundamental hidden suppositions and characterizes what ought to be of specific importance to the workers. With this comprehension, the way of life of an association directly affects the exhibition of the representatives as it shapes how their contribution to an association is esteemed. A positive association culture is what endeavor to adjust the requests of a firm and the prosperity of its laborers. In this sort of an authoritative set-up, the workers are viewed as accomplices to the business however not as subjects(Walters, 2010). The concentration in this way to deal with hierarchical culture is guaranteeing that the businesses include the representatives in each key advance that an association makes and allowing them opportunity to perform under negligible management. This view is rather than a progressively limited framework embraced by a great er part of associations where the laborers are exposed to close oversight, and the administration choices are total. A few investigations have demonstrated that a positive association culture is gainful to both the associations and their laborers. As indicated by Walters (2010), a positive association culture empowers poise from the representatives part and is powerful than in firmly checked situations. The exacting checking of representatives in the workplace flags a component of absence of trust in the laborers from the businesses part. This view causes the laborers to build up a negative disposition towards their activity bringing down their inspiration. The inspiration of workers is raised when they offered all out opportunity to execute their duties without exceptional management. As Walters (2010) calls attention to, associations need to delineate that they have outright trust in the capacities of their representatives to play out the appointed undertakings in a skillful way. At the point when the representatives are managed space to perform autonomously, they will endeavor to center their qu ality in achieving the association objective out of self-inspiration however not through dread of discipline. As per Stevens, Plaut, and Sanchez-Burks (2008), a positive association culture permits the laborers to develop to their fullest potential. Presently, the workplace has been influenced by the globalization impact. The globalization impact has made work environments to have differing workforce from fluctuating social foundations. At the point when an association makes a positive brain research by empowering communications and interview, cooperative effort is advanced (Stevens, et al., 2008). Cooperative effort for this situation likewise alludes to multilateral collaborations between the administration and the laborers. As per Walters (2010), when there are discretionary collaborations between the businesses and the representatives, there is a superior comprehension of the normal objectives and how to accomplish them. This comprehension permits the laborers to concentrate on improving their abilities to meet the associations desires and to arrive at their maximum capacity. Moreover, the connections between the businesses and the representatives permit associations to build up the capability of their workforce. The foundation of ability potential is pivotal in the organizing of the resulting ability the executives projects to improve the proficiency of firms staff. Without a culture that advances ideal collaboration between the laborers and the officials of an association, it is hard for the endeavor to know the regions where it needs ability and this lead to workerstask crisscross. Jobworker confound is the point at which a worker is relegated an errand that is past their capacities. As indicated by Karwowski (2006, p. 2669), a vocation laborer befuddle effectsly affects the yield of a firm as it brings down the nature of the items created or administration advertised. As Forck (2016) thinks, the main method of disposing of creation mistakes because of assignment laborer crisscross is by reliably connecting with the representatives in a well disposed m anner to build up their qualities and shortcomings. Be that as it may, this can't be accomplished in associations that utilize a coercive culture where the workers work helpless before the oversight who just consideration about errand culmination however not competency to perform assignments. A positive association culture is what rearranges that laborers are constrained in capacities and can't play out all errands at equivalent competency levels. In such a workplace, the businesses fill in as the guides in supporting the laborers to accomplish their maximum capacity. A steady association culture has additionally been related with decreased workers' mischief levels. An investigation led by Vardi (2001) found that there was there was a critical negative connection between authoritative atmosphere measurements and hierarchical mischievous activities. In this investigation, Vardi (2001) contends that there are diminished indiscipline cases in associations that have neighborly and steady societies to their representatives. These perceptions by Vardi (2001) underpins the consultations delineated by Walters (2010) that a positive culture engenders the rule of restraint in representatives. At the point when representatives feel that their workplace is steady and mindful, they control from damaging the associations implicit rules. As Vardi (2001) further expounds in his investigation, coercive associations approaches were found to build the paces of wrongdoing and low maintenance capacities of work environments. This perception suggests that laborers are normally restricted to forceful approaches and will think about relinquishing their positions than stay in severe workplaces. As per Hogan and Coote (2014), a positive association culture likewise upgrades the development limit of the workers. Development is among the key factors that influence ha benefit and maintainability of an association. At present, clients are searching for imaginative items and administration that are separated based on what is usually offered in the market. With a positive authoritative culture that permits the representatives to have a stake in the planning of items and administrations, the association profits by the laborers information in making one of a kind and new items which increment its upper hand in the market. For example, Google among the associations that have been universally perceived for giving their representatives the opportunity to rehearse their creative capacities in item and administration plan. This receptiveness has empowered Google to rank among the best innovative firm on the planet. In any case, associations with a characterized set of creation systems wh ich dispenses with the capacity of the workforce to add to item advancement are probably going to experience the ill effects of poor item improvement (Hogan Coote, 2014). Moreover, there is an immediate association between authoritative culture and workers' inspiration. As indicated by Pinder (2014, p. 9), the association culture can either have positive or negative ramifications on the inspiration of the laborers. A positive association culture organizes the mental need of the laborers like acknowledgment and vocation improvement. With the persuasive hypotheses expressing that the mental needs are the most compelling elements in molding human inspiration, a positive authoritative culture improves the inspiration of the workforce. As per Pinder (2010), the inspiration of representatives is basic in deciding the accomplishment of an association since it influences the profitability of firms and the responsibility levels of laborers in playing out their obligations. Without adequate inspiration, the representatives will offer poor administrations which hence prompts the association causing misfortunes. At the point when an association has a culture that adequately addresses the necessities of the representatives, they will respond by putting every one of their endeavors in helping the firm in accomplishing its set objectives and targets. Be that as it may, when the laborers see the way of life of an association as abusive and unappreciative of their endeavors, they will just work for the pay however not out of responsibility. As indicated by Seppala and Cameron (2015), a positive workplace provides food for the wellbeing needs of the laborers. In opposition to the normal conviction that pressure and weight cause the representatives to perform better and quicker, Seppala and Cameron cautions that it break down the soundness of the laborers. Unfortunate laborers have low yield capacities when contrasted with sound ones and furthermore builds the activity expenses of an association. As indicated by Seppala and Cameron (2015), wellbeing consumptions at high-pressure firms is practically half higher than at different associations. With undertakings targeting limiting expenses and expanding benefits, a negative hierarchical culture is an immediate manual for misfortunes. A positive association culture permits the laborers to work at their characteristic pace and this credit permits them to be resistant to work-prompted pressure. Convincingly, a positive association culture

Menopause and Depression Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Coping

Menopause and Depression Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Coping Depression Causes Print An Overview of Menopause and Depression Menopause and Depression: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Coping By Sara Lindberg Sara Lindberg, M.Ed., is a freelance writer focusing on mental health, fitness, nutrition, and parenting.   Learn about our editorial policy Sara Lindberg Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on September 02, 2019 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on January 30, 2020 More in Depression Causes Symptoms Diagnosis Treatment Types Childhood Depression Suicide In This Article Table of Contents Expand What Is Menopause? What Is Depression? How They Are Related Symptoms Causes Diagnosis   Treatment   Coping View All Back To Top What Is Menopause? Menopause is the time in a woman’s life when the menstrual period stops, most likely when the ovaries stop making estrogen. Missing a period for 12 consecutive months (in the absence of other obvious causes) is the main criteria for being menopausal?? . When this happens, a woman is no longer able to get pregnant. The average age of menopause is 51, with the transition occurring most often between the ages of 45 and 55.   Despite having an occasional period, many women believe they are menopausal when they are actually in a transition period called perimenopause. This refers to the time when your body makes the natural transition to menopause. It most often occurs sometime in your 40s, or right around the time of menopause. Many of the changes you experience during perimenopause are a result of decreasing estrogen, which along with progesterone, rises and falls as you make your way to menopause. There is some association with these hormonal changes. What Is Depression? Depression is a mood disorder that causes persistent feelings of sadness or loss of interest and affects how you feel, think, and handle daily activities. The two most common forms of depressive disorders are major (clinical) depression and persistent depressive disorder (Dysthymia).?? Common symptoms of depression include sadness, lack of interest in things you once enjoyed, irritability, fatigue, and feelings of hopelessness, worthlessness, and pessimism accompanied by physical symptoms. Major depression is the most commonly diagnosed depressive disorder. It is characterized as having symptoms of depression most of the day, nearly every day for at least two weeks that interferes with your ability to work, sleep, study, eat, and enjoy life. Factors That Could Increase Your Risk of Depression How They Are Related Many women going through perimenopause or menopause can tell you that extreme shifts in hormonal levels often lead to feelings of depression. Whether it’s a new onset of depressive symptoms or exaggerated symptoms from an existing diagnosis, managing the mood swings along with other symptoms can, at times, feel very overwhelming.   It is only recently that the medical community created guidelines for the evaluation and treatment of perimenopausal depression. ?? Some of the challenge in evaluating perimenopausal depression is due to the fact that several of the symptoms related to its hormonal changes overlap with common symptoms of depression and other menopausal symptoms that often present similarly. Symptoms including, insomnia, hot flashes, sleep disturbances, and mood problems are common during perimenopause and menopause. The risk of developing symptoms related to depression is known to increase among women as they transition to menopause.?? Symptoms The signs and symptoms of depression include:?? Persistent feelings of sadness, anxiety, hopelessness, or pessimismFeelings of worthlessnessDecreased energy or fatigueIrritabilityLoss of interest or pleasure in activities once enjoyedDifficulty sleeping or oversleepingAppetite or weight changesDifficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisionsLack of self-careAches or pains, headaches, cramps, or digestive problems  Withdrawal from social activitiesThoughts of death or suicide The symptoms of menopause may include?? : Irregular periods or bleeding leading to a loss of a period for 12 consecutive monthsProblems with sleep due to low levels of progesterone and estrogenHot flashes and night sweatsProblems with memory or being forgetful and struggling to focusMood changes such as irritability and crying spellsFeelings of depression or anxietyChanging feelings about your sexual healthVaginal dryness Do You Know the Signs of Clinical Depression? Causes The symptoms of depression that can present during perimenopause and menopause are related to a variety of factors including hormonal changes, underlying vulnerabilities to depression, and other stressors. Hormonal shifts that happen at other times in a womans reproductive life, such as the postpartum period, are also correlated with an increase in depression and mood symptoms. Declining estrogen levels?? that happen as you move through perimenopause towards menopause can contribute to emotional changes such as sadness, irritability, fatigue, difficulty concentrating, and mood changes. That said, there is no evidence that menopause causes depression. If symptoms are severe or impacting your life more than occasionally, be sure to see your doctor or a mental health specialist.   Diagnosis   Your doctor can perform an evaluation to determine where you are in the transition to menopause and recommend the next steps for potentially treating menopausal symptoms. But if the symptoms related to depression are severe or you have a previous diagnosis of depression, being evaluated by a mental health professional is the next step. They will be able to determine if you have a major depressive disorder or clinical depression.??   Treatment   For perimenopausal and menopausal women diagnosed with depression, adhering to the proven therapeutic options for treating depression should be followed. These include treatment with antidepressants and/or psychotherapy (“talk therapy”). There are several forms of psychotherapy, but one in particular that has been proven successful in treating depression is cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT).   There is some evidence that treating women entering menopause with hormone replacement therapy may help to enhance mood, but it is not considered a form of treatment for depression. Some findings suggest estrogen, which can help reduce hot flashes and night sweats, may also help with mild to moderate symptoms related to mood swings and feelings of depression.?? There are risks associated with hormone replacement therapy. Thats why talking with your doctor about your health is always the best place to start.   Find Support With the 7 Best Online Help Resources for Depression Coping Coping with depression symptoms that accompany perimenopause or menopause often requires a systemic approach. And like many other recommendations for depression or menopause, lifestyle modifications can make a significant difference in your quality of life.   Daily exercise, socializing with friends and family, meditation, mindfulness, and participating in activities that were enjoyable before depressive episodes started are just a few ways to cope with symptoms related to depression.   Reducing or eliminating alcohol, smoking, or other substances can help with certain symptoms of menopause. Also, taking extra care to follow a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, lean protein, complex carbohydrates, and healthy fats may help with symptom management.   A Word From Verywell Mood swings and feelings of sadness and irritability are common occurrences during perimenopause and menopause. That said, it can be challenging to distinguish between clinical depression and the ups and downs related to shifting hormones. If you’re concerned about your physical or mental health, take the first step, and make an appointment with your doctor. Being open and honest about how you’re feeling can help relieve the pressure or anxiety you might be experiencing. It also allows your doctor to make a proper diagnosis and create a treatment plan that focuses on your needs. How Estrogens Can Cause Anxiety and Depression

Perception and Consciousness - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 819 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/09/13 Category Advertising Essay Did you like this example? Sweats: Perception and Consciousness Barbara Bransfield Grand Canyon University General Psychology: PSY 101 March 25, 2009 Sweats: Perception and Consciousness Helena Blavatsky (1831), founder of modern Theosophy, wrote â€Å"everything in the Universe, throughout all its kingdoms, is conscious: i. e. , endowed with a consciousness of its own kind and on its own plane of perception† (Brainy Quotes, 2009). Yet individuals since the dawn of man, have wittingly, and unwittingly, found or pioneered methods by which to alter consciousness, and thereby distorting perception. A few of these methods, such as meditation, can provide physical benefits, however other methods, such as the use of psychoactive drugs, can cause permanent damage to the brain, thus altering an individual’s perception permanently. Drugs According to Dennis Coon (2010) in his book Introduction to Psychology: Gateway to Mind and Behavior, psychoactive drugs are the most common method by which individuals seek to alter perception (pg 199). These altering drugs range from mild effecting, such as through the use of caffeine, nicotine, or alcohol, to more powerful, controlled substances, such as pain killers, uppers, downers, or hallucinogens. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Perception and Consciousness" essay for you Create order Certain psychoactive drugs serve a useful purpose, after all, where would most of us be without our daily dose of caffeine; still, all are prone to abuse and can lead to unhealthy dependency or permanent brain damage. As with any substance or action, which alters consciousness, individuals must learn moderation or seek modification of behavior to prevent damage to or to restore the mind’s balance and state of health. Any alteration to our state of consciousness is self-induced and therefore treatable or preventable. Fatigue One of the ways in which individuals abuse their mind is by pushing themselves too hard for too long, thus interrupting healthy sleep patterns and creating periods of extreme fatigue. Most everyone is guilty of staying up long past bedtime to finish a good movie, of dancing the night away, or of burning a candle at both ends to finish a project at work, and most everyone has felt the effects the following morning when even a cup of caffeinated coffee seems incapable of jolting the brain awake. According to Coon (2010), while most people understand what sleep is, many fail to comprehend that while sleep patterns may be modified, it cannot be disregarded. Even moderate sleep loss can affect the brain’s ability to focus. This can cause an individual to make minor missteps at work or even serious errors in judgment that can cost lives. However, not all conscious altering methods can prove hazardous to us, or others. Meditation Meditation is a method of relaxation in which an individual â€Å"focuses attention and interrupts the typical flow of thoughts, worries, and analysis† (Coon, 2010). During meditation, energy activity in the brain is shifted from the right frontal lobe, which is prone to stress, to the calmer left frontal cortex, giving the meditator a sense of peace and joy (Psychology Today, 2003). Studies conducted have shown that meditation over long periods of time do no harm to the meditator, providing only benefits over the long term. A more controversial form of induced conscious altering methods is hypnosis. Hypnosis Hear the word hypnosis and visions of people clucking like chickens comes to mind, but those who believe in the power of hypnotherapy view it altogether differently. While self-induced meditation can aid in reducing stress and increasing peace and joy, hypnotherapy claims abilities far greater. By altering the consciousness of a patient, a physician can purportedly reduce or eliminate pain during procedures and even restore function to organs that are not working properly, criminologists can control behavior, and individuals can lose weight or stop smoking (Life Challenges, 2009). So, if hypnosis is such a wonderful mind altering method of healing and self-improvement, why then is it not used more extensively? Possibly, because the dangers of hypnosis outweigh the supposed benefits. As with many conscious altering methods, hypnosis leaves the participant vulnerable because their own sense of self, their sense of awareness, is diminished or even eliminated. A hypnotizer can easily manipulate, control, or exploit a patient if the hypnotizer proves to be unscrupulous, in which case the hypnotizer may use the patient to do something illegal or unethical (Life Challenges, 2009). Conclusion Even day-to-day activities, such as listening to music, drinking soda, and making love, can affect our brain, stimulating it in ways that affect our perceptions, emotions, memories, time sense, thoughts, feelings of self-control, and suggestibility (Coon, 2010). The more we are aware of our mind and the affect that our habits have on it, the more acute our perceptions will remain and our life experiences balanced. References Benefits of Hypnosis. 2009). In All About Life Challenges. Retrieved March 25, 2009, from https://www. allaboutlifechallenges. org/benefits-of-hypnosis-faq. htm Blavatsky, H. P. (2009). H. P. Blavatsky Quotes. In Brainy Quote. Retrieved March 25, 2009, From https://www. brainyquote. com/quotes/quotes/h/hpblavat267749. html Coon, D. , Mitterer, J. O. (2010). Introduction to Psychology: Gateways to Mind and Behavior (12th ed. ). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth, Cengage Learning.

J. D. Salinger Biography Essay

J. D. Salinger Biography Essay J.D Salisinger Biography J.D. Salinger was born in 1919 by a Christian mother and a Jewish father in the city of New York. Mr. Salinger entirely dedicated himself to writing after being enrolled at New York University and also at Columbia University. By the time Mr. Salinger was 21 years old; in 1940, he had had a chance to publish wide range short stories in periodicals, and this was being considered as a huge success in his life. During World War II, the career of Mr. Salinger as a writer was greatly disrupted but he was able to return from the service and continued as a writer, principally with The New Yorker, in 1946. He wrote for The New Yorker between 1948 and 1965 and published wide range of stories. For instance, in 1948 he published A Perfect Day for Banana-fish, which gives an account on the suicide of a desolated veteran of war. He also published For EsmeWith Love and Squalor in the year 1950, a story which gives an account of an encounter of a United States soldier together with two British child ren. Therefore, by the end of 1965, Mr. Salinger had published thirty-five different short stories. The Catcher in the Rye was published in the year 1951, and it is a publication that earned Mr. Salinger major significant and trendy acclaim. It was a story of Holden Caulfield, who was a disobedient boarding-school student who tries to escape from the world of adult that he normally finds it fake. As a creative writer and finding wayward for protagonist of a child, Mr. Salingers novel is given a great deal of sympathy. Work Cited Salinger Jerome David. The Catcher in the Rye. City of Westminster, London: Penguin Books, Limited, 2010.

Hurrican Katrina Free Essays

Proposal /Disaster Research Proposal Page 1 * My disaster paper will focus mainly on the direct and indirect effects of Hurricane Katrina on New Orleans were made by the community and the state, which also affected New Orleans and surrounding areas. My initial research on this topic of Hurricane Katrina was that, although there was a slew of different aids and reliefs sent to New Orleans and other surrounding areas, there were periods where there wasn’t enough or too much time was taken so that the community and pretty much the federal government could have made a timely contribution. This makes my initial response to Hurricane Katrina and its effect on New Orleans and the things that were done to help them a negative response. We will write a custom essay sample on Hurrican Katrina or any similar topic only for you Order Now This is why I am choosing to write about this touching topic, I want to inform readers and people who may not know some approaches taken (and not taken) to help New Orleans and the surrounding areas that were affected. * The purpose of me writing this argument will be to inform readers, of the direct and indirect effect of Hurricane Katrina. The tone will be informative, this strategy will suit me best for this paper because of the type of incident Hurricane Katrina was. Thesis will definitely be in the first paragraph. Most likely in the middle of the opening paragraph. There possibly will be a refutation, although, where I am going to put one at this point has not be determined. * My research question will be: What were the direct and indirect effects of Katrina on New Orleans, and what actions were made by the communities and government to effectively help Hurricane Katrina victims. Proposal /Disaster Research Proposal Page 2 * Books * Scholarly Articles * Library Database Proposal /Disaster Research Proposal Page 3 The intended audience for my informative paper will be teens and young adults, these seem to be the people who were involved and knew the most about Hurricane Katrina and the updates. Plus it is just an easier group of people to write to. My audience is most likely between the ages of 15-30, because high school students were watching the news and getting updates by school and home, and because 30 year olds are still concerned with news. They most likely are middle class, being that most of the people effected by Hurricane Katrina were middle classed, so naturally other middle class people were tuned in. Gender probably wouldn’t matter, but education might play a big role. Being that people who were not as educated as others may not be so affected or concerned with what was going on in another state, because they themselves were not being affected. The major points that will be addressed in my analysis paper will be the indirect and direct effects of this natural disaster and the relief efforts and other helps that were made to help Katrina Victims. They will most likely find out how much Katrina victims were affected and what happened to them. Although, these will be things they have heard in the news there will also be other facts such as the economic effect this natural disaster had on New Orleans and surrounding areas. Not everything is for news, and although some people were concerned with this catastrophe, most people did not go and do their own research so they have been misinformed or left out of some things that actually did happen during this time. Some general beliefs that may be involved in his mishap, would be that when people need help, for example not being able to help themselves somebody of higher authority such as government should be able to step in and effectively take care of the situation. That is one example of personal beliefs. Proposal /Disaster Research Proposal Page 4 November 25- Type Proposal * November 26-Turn in Proposal, start research on Katrina and its effects * November 27- Research, find a thesis and begin to research on that * November 28- Research, start writing paper at least first 2 pages * November 29-Research, finish paper or continue writing * November 30-Conference and feedback on what has been written so far or finished draft * December 3-peer reviews (on ow n time) * December 4-edit and review paper, consults notes and feedback from conference and peer reviews * December 5-Turn in paper, final copy How to cite Hurrican Katrina, Essay examples

Financial Management Corporate Finance

Question: Discuss about theFinancial Management for Corporate Finance. Answer: 1. The risk aversion is the process of making the decision when an investor faces two similar expected returns and prefers the one with the lower risk. Yes, I agree that the risk aversion is process that will which is the outcome of the corporate managers to invest in a low risk project. The risk aversion process is driven by risk appetite, which comes with two variations on a particular project (Heron Lie 2016). For example, a project may look forward to invest $ 22 million and the expected return is $ 35 million over five years or the management may decide to invest in the project of $ 60 m with an expected return of 135 million over 8 years, followed by a bigger deviations in the earnings during the initial years. The management needs to decide upon the risk in each between the project failing or generating something in the initial years. The risk mitigation is the process of choosing a short-term profit during a short period. The source of the risk aversion should be further based on the weighing the two investment options and making a feasible decision to carry out a particular project (Guiso et al., 2013). 2. In order to decide whether the ordinary annuity can have the same present value as the perpetuity, the future value constraint needs to be taken into consideration. The present value is calculated using PV = FV (1/1+R) n Where, R = Discounting rate n = No. of years By taking into consideration the above formula, we can say that even if the cash flows and the discount factor in nature of the ordinary annuity cannot have the same present value. This is because even if the discount factor is same, due to the increasing power of the value of n (no. of years) the ordinary annuity of the present value will also keep increasing (Brealey et al., 2012). For example if the value of the r is 0.8 in a particular year for the first year then discounting factor is (1+0.8), the next year the discounting factor would become (1+0.8)2 which is 3.24. In this way, the free cash flow will reduce due to the increasing discounting factor, even if the cash flows and the discounting rates remains the same (Bierman Smidt 2012). Reference List Bierman Jr, H., Smidt, S. (2012). The capital budgeting decision: economic analysis of investment projects. Routledge. Brealey, R. A., Myers, S. C., Allen, F., Mohanty, P. (2012). Principles of corporate finance. Tata McGraw-Hill Education. Guiso, L., Sapienza, P., Zingales, L. (2013). Time varying risk aversion (No. w19284). National Bureau of Economic Research. Heron, R. A., Lie, E. (2016). Do Stock Options Overcome Managerial Risk Aversion? Evidence from Exercises of Executive Stock Options. Management Science.